（1） Beneficial cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health care
After years of research, medical nutrition experts have found that peanut shells and peanut products contain three beneficial health ingredients for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health: resveratrol, monounsaturated fatty acids, and β - sitosterol.
Resveratrol, as an important polyphenolic biochemical substance, not only has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti allergic, and anti thrombotic effects, but also has significant antioxidant and anti free radical effects (free radicals are an important cause of aging, cancer, arthritis, and other diseases). It not only has a certain preventive and therapeutic effect on coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia, but also can inhibit the production of tumors. According to measurements, each gram of peanut kernels contains approximately 1.7-3.7 μ g of resveratrol, with the highest content found in the seed coat and seed coat. At present, China's scientific research and breeding departments have screened high resveratrol peanut varieties with a kernel density of 18.8 μ g per gram.
β - sitosterol is a natural chemopreventive agent with strong physiological activity for tumor diseases. It has the function of blocking the formation of cancer cells induced by carcinogens, effectively reducing serum cholesterol levels, and preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease. It can also promote sebum secretion, maintain wet, soft physiological activity and surface activity.
（2） Lower blood pressure and blood lipids
Eating peanut shell can decompose cholesterol in human liver into bile acid and increase its excretion, thus reducing cholesterol, which has obvious effect on preventing atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly people; Peanuts, their leaves, and shells contain a type of luteolin, which has a blood pressure lowering effect. It also contains β - sitosterol, which has a blood lipid lowering effect. Washing peanut leaves and shells and soaking them in water instead of tea can have certain therapeutic effects on individuals with abnormal blood pressure and blood lipids. The use of peanut shell preparation has a significant effect on treating serum cholesterol elevation.
After the above introduction, many people have learned about peanut shells. Peanut shells have the effects of invigorating the spleen, stimulating appetite, nourishing qi, and stopping bleeding. Regular consumption can reduce cancer cells. In addition, peanut shells have rich medicinal value and have a good effect on health and wellness. But peanut shells must not be eaten too much!
Can peanut shells be used as fertilizer
The main components of peanut shells are cellulose and lignin, which are not easily decomposed. Directly applying them to the soil can weaken the soil's water retention performance. Moreover, when peanut shells themselves rot, a large amount of heat is generated, which can easily lead to seedling burning. The best way is to add feces for composting and decomposition. The fertilizer fermented with peanut shells can effectively improve soil permeability, enhance soil water retention and fertility.
The method of fermenting organic fertilizer using peanut shells:
1. Wet and infiltrate the peanut shells with water, with a moisture content generally controlled at around 50%. If possible, crush the peanut shells in advance to reduce the air content between objects, promote microbial growth and heat transfer, and accelerate the composting process;
2. Add an equal amount or half of livestock manure, as well as dead leaves, crop straw, kitchen waste, and other waste materials. Dilute the bacterial fertilizer fermentation agent with water and evenly spray it on top of the fertilizer. Spray 200-300 kilograms of fertilizer with 1 kilogram of Yifuyuan bacterial liquid, and stir well.
3. Stack in a well ventilated area for fermentation, and flip the stack every 3-5 days
The fermentation process generally goes through four stages:
During the initial stage of composting, the microorganisms in the compost are mainly composed of mesophilic and aerobic types, with the most common being non spore forming bacteria, spore forming bacteria, and molds. They initiate the fermentation process of compost, vigorously decomposing easily decomposable organic substances (such as simple sugars, starch, proteins, etc.) under aerobic conditions, generating a large amount of heat, continuously increasing the compost temperature from around 20 ℃ to 40 ℃, known as the heating stage or medium temperature stage.
As the temperature increases, thermophilic microorganisms gradually replace mesophilic species and play a dominant role in the high-temperature stage. The temperature continues to rise, usually reaching over 50 ℃ within a few days, entering the high-temperature stage. During the high temperature stage, thermophilic actinomycetes and fungi become the main species. They strongly decompose complex organic substances (such as cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, etc.) in compost, accumulate heat, and raise the compost temperature to 60-70 ℃, even up to 80 ℃ Subsequently, most thermophilic microorganisms also died in large numbers or entered a dormant state (more than 20 days), which plays an important role in accelerating the maturation of compost. Improper composting only has a short period of high temperature, or cannot reach high temperature at all, resulting in slow maturation and not reaching a semi mature state within six months or longer.
⑶ Cooling stage: After a certain period of high temperature, most of the cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin substances have been decomposed, leaving behind complex components that are difficult to decompose (such as lignin) and newly formed humus. Microbial activity weakens and the temperature gradually decreases. When the temperature drops below 40 ℃, mesophilic microorganisms become the dominant species again.
If the cooling stage comes early, it indicates that the stacking conditions are not ideal enough and the decomposition of plant-based substances is insufficient. At this point, the compost can be turned over and mixed evenly to generate a second heat and increase the temperature, promoting the maturity of the compost.
⑷ During the composting and fertilizer preservation stage, after the compost is matured, its volume shrinks and the temperature drops slightly above the air temperature. At this time, the compost should be compacted to create an anaerobic state, which weakens the mineralization of organic matter and is conducive to fertilizer preservation.
In short, the fermentation process of organic compost is actually the process of metabolism and reproduction of various microorganisms. The metabolic process of microorganisms is the process of organic matter decomposition. The decomposition of organic matter inevitably generates energy, which drives the composting process, raises the temperature, and also dries the wet substrate.
Many composting substrates carry pathogens from humans, animals, and plants, as well as annoying organisms such as weed seeds. During the composting process, the growth of these organisms can be effectively controlled through short-term continuous heating. Therefore, one of the main advantages of high-temperature composting is the ability to inactivate human, animal, and plant pathogens as well as seeds.
During the composting process, flipping should be carried out if necessary. Generally, it is carried out when the temperature of the reactor exceeds the peak and begins to cool down. Flipping the reactor can allow substances with different decomposition temperatures in the inner and outer layers to be re mixed evenly. If the humidity is insufficient, some water can be added to promote uniform composting.
